A Wrinkle in Time Review Essay Example

A Wrinkle in Time Review Essay A Wrinkle In Time by Madeleine Lengle is an adventure packed story about a high-school girl named Meg Murry who is accompanied by her intellegant brother Charles Wallace and friend Calvin OKeefe on a quest to find her father. At the beginning of the book, you are introduced to Meg who is troubled by personal insecurities and her concern for her father. Meg is always getting in trouble at school for talking back and giving attitude to her teachers, and her mom is concerned. On one dark and rainy evening, Mrs. Whatsit appears at Megs house, at first Meg is very sceptical about Mrs. Whatsit, but Charles Wallace explains that she was a very nice lady. During Mrs Whatsits stay she suprises Megs mother by reassuring her of the existence of a tesseract, a sort of wrinkle in space and time. Meg is confused about what a tesseract is, but Megs mother says that she will explain it to her another time. The following afternoon Meg and Charles walk over to Mrs. Whatsits Cabin, and on the way they run into Calvin OKeefe, a popular boy at Megs school. When arriving to the house the kids are introduced to two of Mrs. Whatsits friends, Mrs. Who, and Mrs. We will write a custom essay sample on A Wrinkle in Time Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on A Wrinkle in Time Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on A Wrinkle in Time Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Which. They explain to the kids that the universe is in danger by a great evil called the Dark Thing and it takes the form of a giant cloud, destroying everything around it. Among the stars that are being engulfed by the Dark Thing is Camazotz, the planet on which Mr. Murry is imprisoned. The three Mrs. Ws teleport the children to Camazotz and explain to them that they must remain always with each other while on their quest for Mr. Murry. On Camazotz, everything appears exactly alike because the whole planet must be equal, says IT, a giant disembodied brain. Charles Wallace tries to confront IT with his exceptional intelligence but is overpowered by the evil and is put into a zombie-like trance, saying what ever IT tells him. Charles leads Meg and Calvin to Mr. Murry and together they try to fight IT, but they,too, are unable to withstand ITs power. At the last minute Mr Murry comes and teleports the kids to a safe planet called Ixche. On Ixchel the three Mrs. Ws appear, and Meg realizes that she must travel back to Camazotz to save Charles from IT. Before returning to Camazots the three Mrs. Ws tell Meg that she has one power that IT does not have, and Meg discovers that it is the ability to love. Thus, by concentrating on her love for Charles Wallace, she breaks the clutches of IT on Charles and he is once again free. Once Meg releases Charles from IT they tessers through time and space, appearing in their vegetable garden on Earth. Mr. Murry and Calvin are waiting for them there, and they all chear for their victory. The Mrs. Ws visit the scene while on route to further travels, but do not say where they are going. Charles Wallace Murry is the youngest Murry child, the most extraordinary and the smartest of the Murry family for his age. Charles has an extraordinary vocabulary and can read certain peoples thoughts and feelings. I think i want to be exclusive about her for a while,(13). Charles Wallace, being only five-years old is always using very big words, and sounds like he would be an adult. He is intellectually curious, loving, and is always helping one another. The boys at school make Charles, calling him a dumb baby brother because he did not begin to speak until the age of four, at which time he began to speak in full sentences. Right away at the begining of the story you can tell that Charles is an exceptional boy, already cooking meals for his family and Mrs. Whatsit. Many of the books messages and themes are embeded in the lessons of life that Meg must learn in order to successfully complete her quest. First, Meg must learn to overcome her desire for conformity and accept her own uniqueness as an individual. In the begining of the book you can see Meg struggling at school, she feels left out and awkward. She is always getting in trouble with the principle at school, and explains to her mom that she hates being different. When Meg and her friends arrived at Camazotz, she sees that everyone and everything is the same, and there she relizes how much she appriciates being unique. Another theme within the book is light vs darkness. This is showed through the three Ws, Meg and her friends as they battle against IT,the Dark Thing and the Man with the Red Eyes. Mrs. Whatsit is also refered to the jesus figure, as she is a fighter against evil and turn into a celestial creature. Madeleine shows the readers to just be unique, just because you arnt the same as everyone else, does not mean you need to conform to fit in or be loved. I would definetly reccomend this book to anyone, at any age and who loves fantasy and adventure type books. Every page I read I was hooked more and more because Madeleines writting was always interesting. When you think one thing is going to happen, something interesting and cool would pop right around the corner. Madeleine also had a very nice way of portraying her characters, every one in her book was interesting and unique, and all had their own litle back ground story. Before I knew it, I was done with the book, craving for more and hoping that there would be a next series.

Using the Spanish Nouns Hombre and Mujer

Using the Spanish Nouns Hombre and Mujer Hombre and mujer are the Spanish words for man and woman, respectively, and are used in much the same way as their English counterparts. Although both words can be used for a male or female, respectively, of any age, they are most often used to refer to adults. Also, el hombre, like the English man, can be used to refer to Homo sapiens, the human species. Example: Cientà ­ficos dicen que el hombre es el resultado de largas etapas evolutivas. Scientists say man is the result of long evolutionary stages. Hombre or mujer can also be used to refer colloquially to ones spouse. Hombre and mujer can also be used as interjections, much as man can be used in English:  ¡Hombre!  ¡Quà © emocionante! or  ¡Mujer!  ¡Quà © emocionante! Man! How exciting! Following are some common phrases using hombre or mujer. Some of them that are listed only with hombre can also be used with mujer but the feminine usage is rare. Also note that while a few of the terms may appear sexist, they are intended to reflect the language as it is used and not necessarily as all feel it should be. Common Phrases Using Hombre or Mujer de hombre a hombre, de mujer a mujer - in total sincerityhombre/mujer de confianza - right-hand man/womanhombre de entereza - man who is cool and composedhombre del saco - boogeymanhombre/mujer de negocios - businessman/businesswomanhombre de paja - figureheadhombre lobo - werewolfhombre medio / mujer media - average man/woman, man/woman in the streethombre/mujer objeto - person valued for his/her sex appeal and little elsehombre pà ºblico - man with social influencehombre rana - frogmanmujer de su casa - housewifemujer fatal - femme fatalmujer pà ºblica/perdida/mundana - prostituteser mucho hombre - to be talentedser mucha mujer, ser toda una mujer - to be exemplary in characterser muy hombre - to be strong and braveser poco hombre - to be a coward

Meditation Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Meditation - Assignment Example 1). Meditation has been studied by various practitioners and has been determined to contribute to the well-being of an individual and in the relief of medical illness or stress. As Baime averred, â€Å"meditation cultivates an emotional stability that allows the meditator to experience intense emotions fully while simultaneously maintaining perspective on them" (Medical Dictionary, par. 2). Further, there have been specific illnesses and disorders that were validated to be cured, relieved or prevented by regular meditation, to wit: â€Å"meditation is considered to be one of the better therapies for panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, substance dependence and abuse, ulcers, colitis, chronic pain, psoriasis, and dysthymic disorder. It is considered to be a valuable adjunctive therapy for moderate hypertension (high blood pressure), prevention of cardiac arrest (heart attack), prevention of atherosclerosis (hardening of arteries), arthritis (including fibromyalgia), cancer, insomnia, migraine, and prevention of stroke. Meditation may also be a valuable complementary therapy for allergies and asthma because of the role stress plays in these conditions. Meditative practices have been reported to improve function or reduce symptoms in patients with some neurological disorders as well. These include people with Parkinson's disease, people who experience fatigue with multiple sclerosis, and people with epilepsy who are resistant to standard treatment† (Medical Dictionary, par. 2). Categories of Meditation According to Scott (2009), the two categories of meditation are concentrative and non-concentrative. For the concentrative category, the meditator focuses on an object outside the body, such as a flickering flame of the candle or a musical background. On the other hand, the non-concentrative category was indicated to have a wider or broader focus from the individual’s external environment (sounds), or one’s own breathing and inner stat e of the physical body (Scott, par. 6). McNeely, presented two meditation techniqu

The Impact of Sustainable Development Is Negligible Because It Is Essay

The Impact of Sustainable Development Is Negligible Because It Is Impossible to Translate Into Legal And Binding Obligations - Essay Example This article stresses that the presentation and the examination of the issues involved with the sustainable development as it can be observed in most human activities lead to the assumption that the creation of a ‘legal net’ that could provide an effective protection regarding all aspects of the above activity, should be regarded as a very difficult task. Moreover, although a lot of efforts have been made towards this direction, the relevant national and international legal texts have been proved in many cases inadequate to cover the demands of the relevant area. Violations of the law related with the sustainable development are a characteristic part of human activities around the world. The case of Baltic States and the violations of the laws referring to the forestry regulation is an example of current practice in the area of sustainable development. This paper makes a conclusion that most issues related with the above activity are covered at a primary or even secondary level (low to mid level protection), a fact that should be considered as a significant achievement given the complexity and the extension of sustainable development. In any case, the regulation of all the aspects of a specific human activity is a target that has not been achieved in any social or scientific area so the efforts made up to this point regarding the specific subject have to be evaluated as an important achievement comparing to all other areas of human activity.

Marketing Plan for Company G Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Marketing Plan for Company G - Research Paper Example This discussion stresses that consumers with comparatively higher income level are likely to purchase electronic appliances as they want to make their life more convenient, and they are ready to part with their money for that. Individual with higher income level are inclined towards trying new commodities and thus would be a prime source of company’s initial revenue from the newly launched product line. In addition to the income level, geography is another important factor. The company should focus its marketing activities in mostly the urban areas as compared to the rural. There are several other different bases for identification of the target market. It must be kept into consideration that one segmentation variable must be superior to another in the hierarchy of variables. Other variables for identification of target market would be age, gender, occupation, education, social class, buyer behavior and lifestyle. This paper declares that the product of the company can be divided into three categories namely convenience goods, shopping goods and specialty goods. Following is the classification of the products offered by the company. The marketing objective if the company G would be to create awareness in the market about the newly launch product line. The company would have to organize various promotion and advertising activities in order to provide adequate exposure to the new product. Price Marketing objective related to the price would be to promote the product based on the criteria that the prices have been set for customers belonging to different income level. The strategy will assist the company in increasing its customer base as it would increase the target market when people from different income classes are indulged in the buying of the company’s products. Place Since the company has established a sound consumer base of franchises in its target market, the

Who Were The Loyalists History Essay

Who Were The Loyalists History Essay The American Revolution was the leading cause of the Loyalists emigration from the United States to Canada. When the British Empire expanded their territory in Quebec, the American/British subjects in the colonies were heavily disappointed as they were looking to annex this interior themselves. Thus, in the year 1775, the Americans decided to revolt against the British Empire, and the American Revolution began with the battle of Lexington.  [1]  In the following year, in 1776, the 13 rebellious colonies announced their independence against the British. Nevertheless, it did not indicate that every colony had agreed to participate in this uprising. The British Empire was considered to be one of the most powerful nations in the world at the time due to their superior army and navy. As a result, many of the colonies (the Loyalists) refused to take part in arms against their opponent, choosing to remain loyal to them. Because they could no longer stay in their homeland, they decided t o leave the United States and migrate to Canada.  [2]  This paper will analyze who the Loyalists were, and discuss what their roles were in impacting Nova Scotia and the rest of Canada in the eighteenth and nineteenth century. There were various classes among the Loyalists; they included struggling backwoods farmers, merchants, and artisans.  [3]  There were many degrees of Loyalism in this conflict. Some desired to express their Loyalism to the British by taking certain actions such as fighting for the defeat of the revolution. They supported the British Empire by taking arms against the Americans. Whereas, there were those who chose not to fight and simply attempted to fit in to the new environment in the maritime of Canada. They represented approximately a quarter of the population during this period in the late eighteenth century (which was about 2 million).  [4]  Eventually, once they realized that the Americans started to take advantage against the British, many of these Loyalists began to believe that the revolution would be successful and they realized that they could no longer reside in America. Many of them, with the generals, decided to leave this land forever.  [5]  Some, however, d id not leave until 1783 when the peace treaty was made. Most non-assimilated Loyalists have made peace with the situation because of their families, farms, and other factors to take care of. In fact, there were about 50 000 people leaving as Loyalists some chose to return to Britain, Bermuda, and to the West Indies. About 30 000 of them chose to go to Nova Scotia, and about 7 000 have gone to Quebec.  [6]  The American Revolution has lasted for a long period of time; and by the end of it, in1780, there were Loyalists entering Quebec to what were essentially refugee camps.  [7]   Immediately following the American Revolution, Nova Scotia faced the initial brunt of Loyalist immigration. Initially, Nova Scotia was considered to be insignificant in the eyes of Britain, as the colony only had about 20,000 settlers. However, this has changed in1783, as its population have suddenly doubled with Loyalist immigration. These Loyalists were mostly consisted of highly aristocratic or upper class people. They have settled in the region in order to be closer to their contemporaries and families in Britain. About 14,000 of them have decided to settle along the Bay of Fundy into the St. John River region in 1783 alone.  [8]  Due to the sheer number of settlers in the region, it has led the British government to create the colony of New Brunswick in 1784. Furthermore, Nova Scotia and Cape Breton Island were splintered into two separate colonies in the same year. They were separated until 1820, when Cape Breton Island has rejoined Nova Scotia again.  [9]   While the majority of the Loyalists were Caucasians, most of these English-speaking settlers decided to settle in Nova Scotia and by doing this, they have developed the Upper Canadian region. Furthermore, they were not the only immigrants who were residing in Nova Scotia, as there were also Black settlers who previously  immigrated to the Maritimes as well.  [10]  Finally, the last group residing in the land were the Aboriginals who were  given land in Upper Canada for staying loyal to the British Empire during the American Revolution.  [11]   The British authorities in Prince Edward Island and Nova Scotia were having problems with the sudden entry of Loyalists to the Maritimes. In the 1760s, the British officials had offered lands in both colonies to soldiers, couriers, and politicians and they have become the new landlords. In return, these new landlords were to promise to settle the lands with farmers in a way that was used in the Seigneurial system in New France. In 1783, the Britain government promised to give: one hundred acres of free land to every Loyalist household head; an additional 50 acres of free land for each extra family member; even more land for those who held a military rank. Furthermore, they also provided food rations for many years to the settlers in Nova Scotia. Additionally, tools and building materials were given to them for free to help clear out and settle their land.  [12]   However, the problem was that most Loyalists were inefficient at incorporating this system into good use and a great deal of these lands were unused even by the 1770s.  [13]  Furthermore, once a land title had been granted, the British government could not easily control how these now occupied lands were to be used for. This issue was especially more problematic in the Prince Edward Island region, as many of the landlords there were able to trick several hundred Loyalists into settle in their domain. These settlers were mostly either Scottish or Irish, and the landlords who were also from Ireland were able to attract the new immigrants easily.  [14]  They have convinced them by telling them that they will be allowed to stay as long as they want, as long as they have promised to clear the land and then build roads and buildings. However, the fact of the matter is that these landlords never intended to keep their promise. They simply wished these settlers would do all the hard work for them for no charge.  [15]  The solution was created only in 1873, the year when P.E.I had decided to join the Confederation. At that point, the new province followed the recommendation of the Land Commission of 1860 and enacted the Tenants Compensation Act of 1872.  [16]  This act had allowed compensation to be made available to those who could prove their Loyalist ancestors had been tricked by absentee landlords.  [17]  Absentee landlords in Nova Scotia and Cape Breton Island, on the other hand, simply did not bother to populate their land with new settlers at all. Thus, a land shortage crisis rose in the early 1780s, considering the massive influx of Loyalists coming into the region.  [18]  Unlike the situation in Prince Edward Island, however, the British government was able to immediately take some of this land back: about 2.5 million acres out of about 5.5 million acres in total.  [19]   The Irish were not the only ones who were tricked by the British government. During the 1870s, there were a significant number of Black Loyalist immigration movements. In fact, about 3,000 of them have moved into the British North American region this year, and most of them chose Nova Scotia to settle.  [20]  Some of the Black slaves in America have fought against the Patriots during the revolution, and to reward them, and convince more to fight for them, the British Crown had promised to give them freedom, equality and land to settle in the colonies.  [21]  Nevertheless, when these immigrants arrived from the newly created United States, the lands that were given to them as reward were either small or poor in quality in comparison to the lands that were given to the white Loyalists. Therefore, this caused many of the Black settlers to leave Nova Scotia, and find a new place to settle in.  [22]   Thomas Peters was a black Loyalist settler who was given permission to head to Britain in order to plead on the behalf of black immigrants in Nova Scotia. While the British were having problems with the complaints made by the citizens of Canada due to their inability to keep their promise, Peters met up with the Sierra Leone Company which was a land firm that was willing to provide Blacks with free land in Africa.  [23]  Ultimately, because of Peters action, many black settlers were able to leave Nova Scotia in the 1790s for search of a new opportunity and start a new life overseas in the new colony of Freetown at Sierra Leone. Some however, decided to stay behind and continue their lives in Nova Scotia since they felt their life there was content.  [24]  In fact, between 1790s and 1830s, the British government began to slowly start outlawing slavery in its colonies. Eventually, by 1833, slavery was finally abolished in all of British colonies. Nevertheless, this did not indi cate that prejudice and racism have disappeared in British North America for a lasting time.  [25]  Instead, it demonstrated that the Maritime region generally became a more tolerant and free place for black settlers to reside and live compared to the United States. In fact, the Americans have not outlawed slavery until 1865, which became the reason why some of the Black settlers decided to stay in Canada. Thanks to this new freedom, in Upper Canada during early to mid 1800s, it has attracted more and more fugitive slaves to enter during the period of the Underground Railroad.  [26]   The new arrival of Loyalists signified the beginning of English Canada. These new settlers, who had homes and farms back in their old homeland, had to start their lives anew in the new environment, as most of them deserted all of their possessions back in their old homes.  [27]  Furthermore, there was another problem, as the new region was untouched by civilization. Meaning, even though there was a vast amount of land, it mostly consisted of dense forests full of large trees and were considered to be useless. Therefore, they could not start farming, until they logged the regions trees and bushes. In fact, it was even difficult for these settlers to build even a cabin.  [28]  To make matters worse, most of them were no longer young. Thankfully, in the Upper Canadian region, the accidents of war and the revolution has brought a large amount of people who were experienced at settling; they were loyal to the Crown and most importantly, they understood how to start farming in an e nvironment they were not used to.  [29]  In addition, they were supported by the government, which has alleviated the difficulties of establishing the settlers.  [30]  Another significance that was made by the movement of Loyalists to Canada in the eighteenth century is that it has created dualism (French and English) within the nation. Before the movement, in the Quebec area, most of the settlers consisted of French speakers. However, this changed after 1783, when a significant number of English merchants migrated to the area; meaning, dualism has emerged in Quebec, which consisted of a large French majority and an English minority.  [31]  The impact on French Canada is very important as more and more English Loyalists came into what is now Ontario. In effect, it has also forced the government to reconsider the Quebec Act. Into the 1780s or 90s, there were even more immigrants coming into Ontario from the United States who were known as the Late Loyalists. They did not come for ideological reasons; but rather they decided to migrate for the search for better lands, as they were skilled pioneer farmers.  [32]   These Loyalists have affected Nova Scotia and Quebec to help Canada to develop into a nation that exists today. First, population growth was possible thanks to Loyalists, as many European settlers of all different kinds of social classes and races, including, farmers, merchants, both Black and White settlers, and even aristocrats (mostly Late Loyalists) have decided to move to Canada. Second, despite the fact that these Loyalists were used by the landlords who were misusing their authority that was given by the British government for their own benefit, their actions helped develop Canada as these new settlers have cleared out the useless lands and started farming in the region. Lastly, Loyalists have made bilingualism possible in Canada. In the beginning, the majority of settlers were French speakers and no English settlers were to be found. However, after the movement two different groups were formed in the nation.

Essay examples --

Short Answers – 5 points each. Pick 10 questions 1. Describe two IT initiatives that can help move an organization toward greater process orientation. For each, describe why this would work. Data Collection: IT can help organization plan and control their process by collecting important data. This is an effective way to monitor work and helps reduces errors caused by lack of important information. Process Planning: IT can provide necessary tools for organization to use for effecting planning to meet its business objectives. This will work because it can help then monitor their processes and it can also be used for business analysis. 2. In your own words, describe the difference between a business continuity plan and a disaster recovery plan. Include two things that should be covered in each. Business continuity plan and disaster recovery plan helps organizations prepare for the worse. Business continuity plan is when an organization makes plans to carry on its normal routine after a disaster occurs while disaster recovery plan is when an organization fixes its routines after a serious disaster. 3. Provide two key considerations for determining which business processes as not good candidates for outsourcing. Quality Control: Company must take into consideration the monitoring of the quality of major processes in their business Intellectual Property: Company must not risk their IP being exposed while outsourcing. 4. Explain why installing an enterprise system often requires the redesign of existing business processes and the impact this has on the organization. Installing Enterprise system requires the redesign of existing business processes so it can achieve ideal performance of the integrated modules. This ... ... of the IT of the business. An alternative approach to radical process re-design is the incremental change. The goal of this is to improve business processes through small step by step changes rather than a radical one. This method allows manager to choose a process to improve, chose to measure the improvement and find ways to improve the process based of measurements of improvements collected. Organization should elect to go this route because it give them some sort of control over the improvements that are being made and it may because less damage if something goes wrong. In an incremental change approach, a business manager’s role is to ensure the changes are not detrimental to the overall outcome of the revenue of the company while the IT manager’s role is to monitor the incremental changes over time and providing effective support to implement the changes.

The Definition of Statehood

Before diving into the question of this essay, one that looks simple on the surface but reveals itself to be as complicated as it is deep, I found myself asking how we define â€Å"statehood†. It’s all good and well to say that the state is a contested organisation, but when the idea of what exactly a state is comes into it, that statement becomes all the less clear. By definition a nation state is a state/country that possesses clear borders and land, and contains mostly the same type of people by either race or cultural background. ttp://www. britannica. com/EBchecked/topic/467746/political-system/36702/National-political-systems? anchor=ref416908 Yet some states have numerous ethnicities, Nigeria for example has been calculated to have over two hundred culturally distinct groups, even Gambia, whose population numbers about half a million people, has eight distinct ethnic groups (Hughes 1981: 122). Then again, these are both countries that are considered as â€Å"fai led states†, something I will return to later on.According to Philip Cerny, statehood is the capacity to guard the social, economic and political life of its people and also to protect them from external threats and predators. He then goes on to say that states regularly fail at one of these tasks, often not doing well at both at the same time. Statehood, according to Cerny, is the â€Å"problematique of the modern world system itself†. Why? Why are nation states so bad at doing what they say on the tin? Surely it can’t be that hard to defend one’s people and at the same time give them basic needs such as employment, welfare and education.Of course, the world isn’t a perfect place, and we have yet to reach the utopia dreamt of by our grandparents, but really does everything have to be so terrible? To be fair Cerny does give a good argument against that, and provides much evidence to show that the state is indeed a contested organisation. He argues t hat â€Å"future structural organisational developments will depend on the kinds of political coalitions that can be built to confront and deal with those challenges†, especially those involving cross-border networks.In that case the result is likely to be a more complex form of world politics that is not only multi-level but also multi-nodal. Cerny makes a clear statement that the ideal states are â€Å"organisationally distinct from families, churches, classes, races, economic institutions† and also non-state political organisations. He then simplifies that claim that the state is a contested organisation by breaking it down into 3 sections: economically, socially and politically. First we will look at each of these individually and examine that statement.Of the three, the most interesting to me was his ascertain that the state is an economically contested organisation. Cerny says that states are organised through relationships of power, but they are also bound to th e ideals of fairness and justice. Economic groups such as corporations and markets however, are not. They revolve around a principle of profit and aren’t shackled by the same need to be ‘nice’ that states are. One can go so far as to say that Cerny is nearly directly addressing the issue of globalisation without ever saying the word.Take big companies such as Coca Cola or McDonalds, while they give a consumer-friendly image and do help communities with various projects, at the end of the day they are 100% profit driven and if circumstances dictated that they must drop half their workforce to save costs, you can be sure that they would. Globalisation has meant that corporations no longer operate within borders, and for the most part are free to trade as they please. That some of these firms make more money than the Irish state is a very scary thought indeed. It is an invasive and destabilizing phenomenon that states must contest with.Not only does it signal height ened interconnectedness, but it encroaches into those formal-legal aspects of sovereignty that secure or tie down authority in the first instance, and benefit from it in the second. In other words, â€Å"the transnational connections inherent in globalisation are significant on a qualitative as well as a quantitative level. But what new patterns of authority are emerging here? † (Williams 1996: 118) It is said of sovereignty that there is plenty of it around, but that as a result of globalisation â€Å"the sites for its concentration have changed. According to this argument states are being forced to concede certain of their sovereign powers to regional, transnational or world bodies on one hand, and to local and other sub-national institutions on the other. On a side note while on the point of globalisation, though Cerny doesn’t explore the idea it is also worth mentioning the globalisation of military power as it contests with every state organisation. Advanced nucl ear weapons systems can now operate worldwide, for they can deliver their payloads to any place at all on the planet, and do so within a very short time.They are thus capable of making the whole earth uninhabitable, and of threatening the very survival of the all states, whether they wish it or not (Poggi 1990: 177). You really can’t get much more global than that. The next area we will examine is Cerny’s claim that the state is a socially contested organisation. According to him states â€Å"are not natural, spontaneous emanations† from a â€Å"taken for granted, pre-existing society, people, or public†, they are made up from real people who base them on a range of often divided groups such as class, ethnicity, religion and ideology to name a few.People who are born in to this nation state may not always agree with or like the way things are and can find themselves caught in conflicts of identity, and the state finds itself constantly at odds with those who feel socially indoctrinated with the rules, power structures and policies of that state. As Cerny says, â€Å"citizens are made, not born†. Another big social contender is the internet, any one person can simply log on to Facebook (or other social networking sites) and instantly connect with people all over the world, again ignoring state boundaries.The final point that is discussed is that the state is a politically contested organisation. This can nearly go without saying, as there isn’t a state in the world that hasn’t been challenged politically at one stage or another. This happens on all ends of the scale, from as Cerny puts it: â€Å"absolutist monarchs and national revolutionaries to various bureaucrats, officials, patrons and clients†. He even goes on to mention religious movements and criminal gangs.It is important to note that the organisational strengths that Cerny mentions, whether they be rooted in widely accepted social identities or bo nds, or that they have power internationally, need not only apply to Westphalian states (and indeed many of those ‘official’ states are weak on those levels). Take certain groups such as Hezbollah or the IRA for example, upon looking past the fact that they are viewed by some as terrorist organisations (although most European countries have refused to classify Hezbollah as a terrorist organisation [http://www. digitalnpq. org/archive/2009_summer/03_qassem. tml]), these groups often take on the state roles for the people they claim to serve. Hezbollah is a major provider of social services, operating schools, hospitals, and agricultural services for thousands and playing a significant part in Lebanese politics. [http://www. cfr. org/publication/9155/hezbollah_aka_hizbollah_hizbullah. html? breadcrumb=/]. Likewise the IRA are renowned for looking after their own, be it ensuring the well being of prisoner families or upholding the law (or at least a version of it), in area s where traditional state politics have failed.Going back now to the other two headings for the contested state, economically and politically, and applying them to the state â€Å"alternatives† I mentioned above, it is hard to understand why Cerny didn’t do the same. One can not simply draw a line in the sand and say that all the ones over here (those of the Westphalia type) are states, and those over there are not. There are many similarities to be found on both sides. These groups also find themselves to be contested organisations.Yes it can be argued that economically, Hezbollah only functions because the nation states of Iran and Syria support them, but the same was also said of the peripheral state of Cuba when it was funded by the USSR (Giddens 1985: 269). In the north the IRA have succeeded in many social areas that the government have not, giving identity, protection and services to a select group of people who otherwise feel abandoned by a system that is suppo sed to do the same. The downfall of these groups is that their (occasional) focus on fighting and violence only serves to detract from the other areas.Yet returning to Cerny, he raises the point that some find the cost of the US’s war in Iraq (estimated at 2-3 trillion dollars), has prevented it from addressing issues both domestically (health care and employment for example) and abroad (development aid, fighting disease ect). This shows that even the largest of official states can do itself damage by focusing too much on military operations. But what happens when a state can do no more for its people? When it becomes such a contested organisation that it loses physical control of its

Libation

Libation Libation Libation By Maeve Maddox A cutesy use of the word libation is becoming popular with restaurateurs. I heard a radio spot for a local eatery of no particular elegance advertising â€Å"food and libations.† Pinterest has a category called â€Å"Elegant Food and Libations,† and numerous restaurants advertising on the web offer libations. One of them has made sure that potential customers know the meaning of the L word by posting the anticipated question and its answer on its home page: What are Libations? â€Å"They are drinks!† Until the 17th century, when some classically educated young gentleman thought it would be funny to call wine intended to be drunk by his guests â€Å"libations,† the word’s standard use was to refer to an ancient religious practice. libation: noun. The pouring out of wine or other liquid in honor of a god; the liquid so poured out; a drink-offering. Libation is from the Latin verb libare, â€Å"to libate, to pour out in honor of a god.† The usual liquid to pour out in the context of honoring a god or one’s ancestors is wine or some other alcoholic drink, although a libation can be any liquid. Water is poured out by Buddhists. In ancient Rome, milk was poured out to the goddess of childbirth. In addition to being offered to deities, libations were poured out in honor of one’s ancestors. Relatives visiting a Roman necropolis might pour a libation directly onto a grave, or into pipes installed for the purpose. The practice of pouring an offering of liquid onto the ground, an altar, an amulet, or a sacrificial animal has been a part of religious practice in all parts of the world. It continues into modern times in various religious and cultural contexts. A Cuban custom is to spill a drop or two of rum, while saying â€Å"para los santos (for the saints).† A similar custom exists in the Philippines, where someone opening a bottle of rum will spill a capful, saying â€Å"para sa yawa (for the Devil).† The following rap lyrics refer to a libation practice called â€Å"tipping,† in which malt liquor is spilled on the ground in memory of the dead: â€Å"Pour out a little liquor† Pour out a little liquor for your homies 2Pak Going down the drain I’d like to keep stepping But I can’t get past the pain, I tip my 40 to your memory Take a drink and I start to think DRS Gangsta Lean Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:How to Format a UK Business LetterHow to Play HQ Words: Cheats, Tips and TricksEducational vs. Educative

Serial Murder essays

Serial Murder essays On the night of January 23rd, 1978, a 21 year-old woman was found murdered. The killer, in no way connected to the victim, had torn all clothes from the woman's body and had ripped open her lower abdomen. A huge knife wound gaped from breast to navel , some inner organs had been cut out. Several body parts were missing. There were some stab wounds in the left breast. The killer had put animal excrement into the victim's mouth. To all appearances he had caught blood in a yogurt tub and drunk it (uni- saarland.de/fak5/ezw/abteil/motiv/paper/murder_engl.htm) Murder, the uglier side of our society, never seems to want to go away. Sometimes the crime is almost automatic: Rejected love, laid off employees, revenge, drugs, and sheer hatred. The suspect is apprehended, the motives are identified, and the case is shelved away amongst the myriads of others almost as quickly as it was discovered. Alas, what do you do when paths are blocked off, roads are closed down, and common sense seems to have taken a break? What do you do when murder doesnt make sense? What becomes of the preceding case? One of the increasingly popular and rapidly growing fields of study in the general realm of analysis is criminology; the study of crimes, criminals, and their behaviors. Although criminology as a whole, is too vast an area to try and understand in the limited time that we have, the study of serial killers, as branch of this field, is a concentrated area of focus. During the course of time, there have been various theories as to explain the real causes, as well as solutions, to the unfortunate problem of serial murder. Killing at random, with no obvious purpose or motive, has in turn, become one of the deadliest cancers of any civilized society. As sort of a principle foundation of ideas, criminologists have determined several conclusions that they believe refers to all serial killers. The fi...

Evolutionary Theories of Aging and Longevity Research Paper

Evolutionary Theories of Aging and Longevity - Research Paper Example This paper analyses some of the major evolutionary theories with respect to aging and longevity. Mutation accumulation theory was formulated by Sir Peter Medawar, a noted British professor of zoology and anatomy at the University of London who won the Nobel Prize in medicine (1960) for his work on acquired immunological tolerances† (Mutation Accumulation Theory of Aging). According to mutation accumulation theory; Aging is an inevitable result of the declining force of natural selection with age. For example, a mutant gene that kills young children will be strongly selected against (will not be passed to the next generation) while a lethal mutation with effects confined to people over the age of 80 will experience no selection because people with this mutation will have already passed it to their offspring by that age. Over successive generations, late-acting deleterious mutations will accumulate, leading to an increase in mortality rates late in life (Gavrilov and Gavrilova, p .341). Mutation accumulation theory argues that the negative effects or adverse events originated at the time of evolution may decline as time goes on. In other words, living things acquire more and more abilities to counter the adverse effects of evolution since the transfer of genes which causing adverse events may decline as reproduction goes on. For example, the epidemic diseases in the past are no more a threat to the current generation. This is because of the reduction in the transfer rate of genes responsible for such epidemic diseases to the upcoming generation from the generations in the past. Mutation accumulation theory believes that aging is caused by defective genes which may become hyperactive during the later stages of life. For example, genetic diseases such as Huntington’s chorea may appear in the life of a person only at the final stages of his life. It should be noted that the genes which are causing this disease was present in the body of that person even at the time of his birth. However, such genes may not be active during early parts of his life and aging is the process which helps the activities of such genes. Antagonistic pleiotropy theory was formualted by George C Williams in 1957. Pleiotropic According to Antagonistic pleiotropy theory, â€Å"Late-acting deleterious genes may even be favoured by selection and be actively accumulated in populations if they have any beneficial effects early in life†(Gavrilov and Gavrilova, p.341). In normal circumstances, each gene may have only a single trait. However, in certain circumstances, it may have more than one trait which usually refers as pleiotropy. Antagonistic pleiotropy theory believes that the same gene which is responsible for increased reproduction during the early parts of one’s life may cause aging during the later parts of his life. For example females loss fertility during later parts of their life even though they may have high rate of fertility during the early parts of their life. It should be noted that the same gene is responsible for both fertility and non-fertility. The postulates of mutation accumulation theory and that of the Antagonistic pleiotropy theory are almost similar even though some differences are there. Antagonistic pleiotropy theory argues that the defective genes are kept in the gene pool whereas mutation accumulation theory point out that the defective genes will be accumulated as time goes on. If aging is a side effect of genes that have a

Week three discussion questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Week three discussion questions - Essay Example Also the analysis will help provide the direction, speed and also the extent of the trends. There are a number of different ratios that can be calculated from the financial statements of a company. The three most important ratios however, are the Liquidity, Profitability and Gearing ratios. The ratio analysis is of great importance, as it is the most effective method to estimate a firm’s performance and also compare it with that of its competitors and the industry on the whole. The long term viability of a company can be assessed from the ratios which indicate the overall performance, such as the asset turnover ratio, which measures how effectively the company has been utilizing its assets to generate sales. The other important measure is the gearing ratio which indicates the capital structure of the company and how effectively it has utilized its debt raising capacity. A company which has an optimum gearing ratio can be considered to be well positioned, or, geared for long term growth. It is imperative to note that though there are strong policies and strict procedures set up within a company, frauds do occur at times. Anonymous reporting hotlines are found to be effective reporting mechanisms. It is also important to keep a positive atmosphere, as very strict policies and internal controls might have adverse effects on employee motivation. Hence it is essential to carefully analyse the working conditions and the policies are to be set accordingly, so that both the objectives are achieved successfully. With the improvements in technology, it has become increasingly easier and effective for management to implement security programs and software within the organization. Software based on Benford’s law and surprise testing are also effective measures when carried out in a professional well planned manner. The most important thing to understand is a person’s base nature, in order to identity deception, fraud or a false statement. The most